Quantum computing is a type of computation that uses quantum mechanics principles. Unlike traditional computers that use bits (0 or 1), quantum computers use quantum bits or "qubits".

What makes qubits special is that they can exist in multiple states simultaneously, called "superposition." This means a quantum computer can process numerous possible solutions at once, rather than one at a time like traditional computers.

Think of a maze problem: a traditional computer would try paths one by one, while a quantum computer can explore all possible paths at once, greatly improving efficiency for solving complex problems.